MOSCOW—A Russian court sentenced Kremlin critic Alexei Navalny to serve about 2½ years in prison on Tuesday, sidelining the country’s most prominent opposition leader from the political landscape and likely fueling a burgeoning protest movement triggered by his detention last month.

Russian prosecutors say Mr. Navalny, who appeared in court in a glass cage, violated conditions of his suspended sentence by failing to check in regularly with prison authorities while he was recovering in Germany from a near-fatal poison attack last year. The court subtracted about a year for the time Mr. Navalny already served.

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For President Vladimir Putin, the decision temporarily removes a longtime thorn in the Kremlin’s side, an opposition leader who aimed to unseat the ruling United Russia in parliamentary elections later this year. But the backlash could test the Russian leader’s ability to counter rising criticism from the U.S. and Europe over the case and complicate his attempts to quell the biggest nationwide street protests in almost a decade. Read more at WSJ